Phonograph record shaving machine



Nov. 29, 1938. s. G. LANGLEY 2,138,346

PHONOGRAPH RECORD SHAVING MACHINE Filed March 3, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet lINVENTOR Sam; G. Langley f -aim,

T OR NEY s. G. LANGLEY 2,138,346

PHONOGRAPH RECORD SHAVING MACHINE Nov. 29, 1938.

Filed. March 3, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR Sam G.La ng"ley BY & LAW

TORNEY Patented Nov. 29, 1938 UNITED STATES PHONOGRAPH RECORD SHAVINGMA- CHINE Sam G. Langley, Maplewood, N. J., assignor to Thomas A.Edison, Incorporated, West Orange, N. .L, a corporation of New JerseyApplication March 3, 1938, Serial No. 193,640

26 Claims.

This invention relates to machines for shaving phonograph records, andmore particularly to the provision of automatically operated means insuch machines for facilitating the operation of shaving or resurfacingphonograph records of the type intended for use with dictating machines.

The commercial phonograph, or dictating machine, employs records whichare usually cylindrical in form and made of wax-like material. In theoperation of recording dictation there is formed on the surface of therecord a progressive modulated groove. These recordations are seldommeant to be preserved permanently, but are rather intended to betranscribed from, after which the record is prepared for. re-use by aprocess of resurfacing which involves the shaving off of a surface layerof the record material of an over-all thickness that is at least equalto the maximum groove depth.

Since such records are usually resurfaced for re-use after eachoperation of recording thereon, it is desirable to have convenientlyoperable meansfor effecting the resurfacing of the records. Theoperation of resurfacing a phonograph record requires a plurality ofmanipulations, some of which may be automatically performed incidentalto others. According to my invention, I utilize effects which occurincidental to the performance of some of the manipulations for effectingother operations or adjustments normally manually performed in the useof the machine. It is a further feature of my invention to utilize suchincidental effects for maintaining the proper sequence in some of theoperative manipulations of the machine so as to insure its safeoperation.

It is an object of my invention to provide new means in record shavingmachines for facilitating the shaving operation.

It is another object to provide new automatically operated means forreducing the number of adjustments or manipulations required in the use.of a phonograph record shaving machine.

It is another object to provide, in phonograph record shaving machines,means energized incidental to the operation of conditioning the machinefor a resurfacing operation, for moving the resurfacing tool out ofoperative position.

It is another object to provide, in phonograph record shaving machines,automatically operated means for effecting the movement of theresurfacing tool out of operative position only when the machine isotherwise in inoperative condition.

It is a further object to provide, in phonograph record shavingmachines, means operable by a movement of the mandrel while the mandrelrotating means is inoperative for automatically effecting an adjustmentor manipulation required in the operation of the machine. 6'

It is a still further object to provide, in phonograph record shavingmachines, means for preventing the rotation of the mandrel, as by themandrel rotating means provided therefor, while the mandrel is out ofnormal operative position. Other objects of my invention will beapparent from the following description and claims.

In the description of my invention reference is had to the accompanyingdrawings, of which: Figure 1 is a top plan view of a phonograph recordshaving machine showing the resurfacing tool in operative position andillustrating a form of my invention as applied thereto; Y

Fig. 2. is a vertical cross-sectional View taken along the line 2--2 ofFig. 1; 20 Fig. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view taken along theline 33 of Fig. 2; I

Fig. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a portion of the machine ofearlier figures, taken along the line 4-4 of Fig. 1; 25

Fig. 5 is a view generally similar to Fig. 4, but illustrating amodification of my invention; and

Fig. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view taken along the line 6-6 ofFig. 5. 30 Reference being had to Figures 1, 2 and 3, there will be seena form of phonographrecord shaving machine in which my invention ispreferably employed. This machine comprises a base plate I which issecured to a top plate I by means of the screws l". The plate I has a.reenforcing ribZ, left-hand standards 3 and 4, right-hand standards 5and 6, and an intermediate standard 'I In the standard 3 there isprovided a conically pointed stud 8 which engages a recess in the leftend of a shaft 9, thereby providing a thrust bearing for the shaft. Theshaft 9 passes. through an oversized hole I (I in the standard 1 and isprovided with a mandrel ll for holding a suitable record to beresurfaced. The right end of the shaft 9 is supported by means of anend-gate I2 carrying an adjustable conical stud [3 adapted to engage arecess in the right end of the shaft 9 and be biased thereagainst.

In order that the right end of the mandrel I] may be -made free forslidably mounting a record [4 thereon, or for the removal of a recordtherefrom, the end-gate I2 is pivoted to a boss I5 on the base plate Iso that it may swing outwardly from its supporting position to anon-supporting position wherein it is free of the right end of themandrel. The end-gate I2 is closed, or moved from its non-supportingposition to its supporting position, by a clockwise movement about itspivot until its forward extremity strikes against the right end of aguide rail IS, in which position it may be releasably held by a suitablelatch l'l.

When the end-gate i2 is in its supporting position the mandrel ll isrotatably supported in an operative position with substantially no endplay by reason of the stud I3 being biased against the right end of theshaft. In suchYoperative position, the mandrel l l is in true parallelrelation with respect to the guide rail It. For rotating the mandrelthere may be provided any suitable rotatory source of power such as anelectric motor (not shown) which may be coupled, as by means of a beltl8, to a pulley 19 secured to the shaft 9, a suitable slot 23 beingprovided in the base plate I through which may pass the belt iii. Forcontrolling the operation of such a motor there is provided a suitableelectric switch 2! which is secured to the plate I by the screws 2| andwhich is normally operable to on and off positions, by means of an arm22, for respectively rendering the motor operative and inoperative.

Supported by the left and right standards 3 and 5 is a longitudinal rod23 which is in parallel relation with the guide rail l6 and on whichthere is slidably'and tiltably mounted a carriage 24. The carriage isprovided with an approximately semi-circular and forwardly extending armportion 25 which is adapted to slidably engage, at its forward lowerextremity, with the guide rail Hi, this engagement being made secure bythe provision of a weight or ball portion 25 preferably integrallyformed withv the arm portion 25. V

The carriage 24 is also provided with a boss 26 in which there isadjustably mounted a resurfacing tool 21. This tool is adapted to bebrought into operative position with respect to the record so as to cutaway a surface layer of the record materialas the record is rotated andthe carriage 24 is steadily moved transversely of the direction ofrecord rotation. In order that such transverse movement may be impartedto the carriage by the rotation of the mandrel H, the carriage isprovided with a sleeve portion to which issecured a resilient arm 28carrying a feed nut 29. When the carriage 22 is in itsnormal loweredpositionwith the arm 25 resting on the guide rail [6, the feed nut 29engages the lower portion of a feed screw 30 rotatably held in the leftand right standards 4 and 6. The 'feed screw 30 is provided with. apulley 3'! which is coupled by means of a belt 32 to a pulley 33 securedto the shaft 9 so that rotation of the mandrel II will cause a rotationof the feed screw 30 to effect thereby a longitudinal movement of thecarriage 24 with respect to the mandrel H and the record l4 supportedthereon. By this arrangement it is obvious that an upward tiltingmovement of the arm 25 will cause the resurfacing tool 21 to be movedout of engagement with the record l4, and the feed nut 29 to besimilarly moved outof engagement withthe feed screw 30, therebypermitting the carriage to. be manually moved, at will, along the recordl4.

The resurfacing tool 21 comprises a knife bar 34 carrying at its inneror lower end a knife blade 35. The knife bar 34 is slidably mounted inan opening 35 which extends through the boss 26. The outer or upper endportion 31 of the knife bar is reduced in diameter and extends looselythrough the top 38 of a hollow cap 39, upward or rearward movement ofthis cap with respect to the knife bar 34 being limited by a head 40provided on the extremity of the knife bar. A coil spring 4| is disposedabout the reduced diameter portion of the knife bar 34 between a collar42 pinned to the bar and the top wall 38 of the cap 39. Rearward orupward movement of the knife bar 34 is limited by the engagement of acollar 43, secured to the inner end portion of'the knife bar by a setscrew 44, with the lower or inner end of the boss 26.

A guide rod 45 is slidably mounted in an opening 46 which extendsthrough the boss 26, the opening 46 being parallel to the opening 36 inwhich the knife bar is disposed. At its upper or rear end the rod 45 issecured to the top 38 of the cap 39 by a headed screw 47. The rod 45 istherefore moved with the cap 39 towards and away from the mandrel llwhenever the resurfacing tool .21 is moved to operative and inoperativepositions with respect to the record l4. In order that the resurfacingtool 27 willnormally tend to remain in inoperative position the cap 3.9is biased upwardly by means of a coil spring 45' which is disposed aboutthe guide rod 45 between the top wall 38 of the cap 39 and the upperside of the boss 26..

For moving the resurfacing tool to operative and inoperative positionswith respect to the record l4, there is provided an actuating lever 48.which is pivotally mounted on the boss 26 and which comprises a long armhaving a short arm extension 49 substantially at right angles to the.long arm. The lever 48 and cap 39 are connected by means of a linkmember 50 which is pivotally connected at one end to the arm 49 by ashoulder screw or pivot 5|, and at its other end to the cap 39 by means.of a pivot 52 comprising a shoulder screw threaded into the wall of thecap. The lower portion of the link member. 50 has a gooseneck form orshape so that the latter will remain clear of the hub of the lever. H

48 as the lever is manipulated in the setting of the resurfacing tool.However, the gooseneck portion is adapted to engage the hub of the lever48 to limit the forward movement of the lever to a position in whichtheaxis of its pivotal connection to the link member 53' is slightly pastdead center with respect to the pivotal axis of the lever 43 and thepivot 52. Itwill therefore be apparent that the lever 48 is releasablylocked when it has reached the limit of its forward movement, as shownin Figure 2, by reason of the upward biasing force exerted upon the cap39 by the springs 4i and 45.

The moving of the resurfacing tool 21 to operative position with respectto the record I4 is eifected by imparting a downward swinging movementto the lever 48. Such downward swinging movement causes the cap 39 to bemoved downwardly, thereby yieldingly moving the knife bar 34 downwardly,as by the spring 4!, so that the knife blade 35 isbrought intoengagement with the record l4. The knife blade 35 will thus be pressed ashort distance into the material of the record, this distance dependingupon the compliance of the spring 4| and the adjustment of the collar42.' The tool setting mechanism is adapted to bring the knife blade 35into an operative position with respect to the record l4 before theactuating lever 48 has reached the limit of its downward swingingmovement. The next further downward swinging movement of the lever 48then effects a clamping or locking of the knife bar 34 so that it iseffectively held in operative position whenever the lever 48 has reachedthe end portion of its downward travel. The detailed mechanism foreffecting the clamping of the knife bar 34, which'may for example be ofa form such as is disclosed in a copending application of Thomas C.Brown, Serial Number 164,280, and filed September 1'7, 193'? is notherein necessary to show.

It will be understood that the downward movement of the cap 39 causes aconsiderable compression of the spring 45 and at least a slightcompression of the spring 4|. Such compression results in the storage ofconsiderable potential energy, which energy imparts an upward force uponthe cap 39 to lock the lever 48 in its most downward position, in whichposition the pivot is past the aforementioned dead center line. It willbe further understood that a slight upward swinging movement imparted tothe lever 48 to return the pivot 5| to a position before the said deadcenter line will effect the release of such stored energy, therebycausing the cap 33 with its associated parts to be moved upwardly sothat it may effect the release of the aforementioned knife bar clampingmeans and the restoration of the resurfacing tool 21 to its inoperativeposition. It will thus be obvious that the resurfacing tool is set inoperative position by the manipulation of the lever 48 to its mostdownward position, such manipulation effecting the storage of potentialenergy which operates to releasably hold the lever 43 in such downwardposition, and that by imparting a light upward tripping movement to thelever 48, the stored energy is released to move the resurfacing tool toits inoperative position.

After a record has been resurfaced the sequence of manipulations to beperformed for effecting another resurfacing operation comprises therestoration of the resurfacing tool to its inoperative position and theremoval of the resurfaced record from the mandrel. By reason of the useof conical bearings for supporting the record-supporting mandrel-theneed for which has been hereinbefore described-and the removal of one ofthese bearings from a supporting position to free an end of the mandrelfor permitting the removal of a record therefrom, the mandrel tends andis in practice permitted to fall substantially in translation, apredetermined extent to inoperative position. In such inoperativeposition of the mandrel, the shaft 9 rests on the bottom side of theoversized hole l9 provided in the standard I. In order that the stud 8may be suitably maintained in engagement with the left end of the shaft9, when the mandrel is in such inoperative position, there is providedon the shaft 9 a collar 53 which is adapted to abut against the leftside wall of the standard 1 and thereby limit the longitudinal movementof the shaft. Thus the extent of the fall'of the mandrel is controlledby the size of the hole I0 provided in the standard I.

According to my invention this .fall of the mandrel, which is incidentalto the removal of a record therefrom, is employed to perform or effectother useful operations or adjustments. One such operation, for example,is the restoration of the resurfacing tool to its inoperative position,in order to facilitate the operation of the shaving machine. Anothersuch operation is the actuation of suitable means for preventing therotation of the mandrel, as by the mandrel rotating means providedtherefor, whenever the mandrel is out of its normally operativeposition. In my invention I effect such automatic adjustments and/orcontrol of the shaving machine by simple means actuated incidental tothe fall or movement of the mandrel out of normal operative position.The means for effecting such automatic adjustments and/or control of themachine, together with a modified form, are now described in detail.

The means for effecting the automatic release of the resurfacing tool 21is adapted to be actuated by a member which engages the shaft 9 of themandrel I at a position adjacent to the intermediate standardv i. Thisis a particularly convenient place for locating such a member, but itwill be understood that according to my invention these automaticcontrol means may be cperatively associated with the shaft 9 at anysuitable place such, for example, as at its right end where therenormally occurs the greatest movement of the shaft. For normal fall ofthe mandrel 9 the engagement of the conical stud I3 with the recess inthe right end of the shaft, as the end-gate I2 is moved to itssupporting position, is relied upon to effect the upward movement of themandrel H to its normal operative position. When these automatic controlmeans are operatively associated with the shaft 9 at an intermediatepoint thereof, it is desirable to permit the shaft ii to move a greaterextent than would be otherwise customarily permitted, as by theenlargement of the hole Hi in the standard I. In order then to properlyrestore the mandrel to operative position there is provided an angularlyextending cup member 54 on the end-gate l?! which is adapted to engagewith the right end of the shaft 9, as the endgate I2, is closed, andmove the same upwardly towards its operative position before the stud l3engages with the shaft. The engagement of the stud it with the recess inthe end of the shaft 9 is then relied upon to complete the movement ofthe mandrel to its operative position as the end-gate I2 is closed ormoved to its supporting position.

Beneath the mandrel N there is provided a suitable opening 55 in thebase plate I in order that the shaving chips may fall downwardlytherethrough and be collected by suitable means (not shown) locatedunder the base plate. Ex-

tending downwardly through this opening is a lever member 58 which ispivotally connected to the intermediate standard I by means of ashoulder screw 51. The member 55 is provided with an upwardly extendingand forked portion which is adapted to engage the lower portion of theshaft 9, this forked portion being biased against the shaft by means, ofa spring 58. The member 56 has a lower rearwardly extending arm portion59 which is adapted to impart parallel movement, ina vertical direction,to a barliil which is supported at its ends by parallel motion links 6|and 62. These links are adapted for pivotal movement at their lowerends, by means of the respective shoulder screws 53 and 64 threaded intothe plate I, and at their upper ends by sim- .ilar screws threaded inthe shanks of spacing rivets 65 and 5% secured to the bar 6i]. Foreffecting the movement of the bar til the lefthand link iii is providedwith an off-set extension 6| which engages with the top edge of the armportion 59. Thus as the mandrel H is permitted to move downwardly themember 55 will be moved in a counterclockwise direction about the.shoulder screw 57 to cause the arm 59 to move upwardly, such upwardmovement of the arm 59 causing the bar 68 to be moved upwardly.

Referring particularly to Figures 2 and 3, therewill be seen a lever 81pivotally mounted on a rear projection 24' of the carriage 24 by meansof a shoulder screw 68. The lever 87 has an upper arm 69 which extendslaterally and then forwardly to come into engagement with the undersideof a pin 18 carried by the lever 48, the pin'IO extending laterally ofthe lever 48 and being located forwardly with respect to the pivotingaxis of this lever when the lever is in its most downward position. Thelever 81 also has a lower arm II which extends downwardly and forwardlyso as to overlie the bar 88. By this arrangement it is obvious that anupward movement of the bar 68, such as would be caused by a downwardmovement of the mandrel Ii, will cause an upward or clockwise movementof the lever 48. As hereinbefore described, a slight clockwise movementof the lever 48 will cause the pivot 5i to be moved over the dead centerline determined by the pivotal axis of the lever 48 and the pivot 52,thereby releasing the lever 48. to cause the resurfacing tool to bemoved to inoperative position.

In order that the mandrel II may not be set in rotation, as by themandrel-rotating means, while the mandrel is in inoperative position, Iprovide means which operate to lock the switch 2| in off position as themandrel II is in its downward o-r inoperative position. For this reasonthere is provided, at the right front portion of the base plate I, asupporting member 1| which is secured to the reenforcing rib 2 by thescrews I2 (see Figures 2 and 3). Journalled in the supporting member IIis a shaft I3, carrying at its forward end a crank member M whichprojects,

through a slot 75, upwardly and forwardly of the base plate I, and isadapted to engage, by means of a socket portion I8, the upper end of theswitch arm 22. The socket portion 18 fits fairly snugly over the end ofthe arm 22, and affords a ready grip for an operator to grasp and moveit to cause the arm 22 to effect the on and off positions, of the switch2|. Secured to the rearward end of the shaft 13, as by means of thecollar 11, is an upwardly extending arm I8 which is pivotally connected,as by a shoulder screw 19, to a bar 88. The bar 88 extends leftwardlyalong the base plate I and is provided with a longitudinal slot 8| atits other end portion so that it may be slidably supported by means of ashoulder screw 82 extending through the slot 8| and threading into thebase plate I. Thus it is apparent that the bar 88 will slide leftwardlyand rightwardly as the switch 2! is operated to its respective on andoff positions.

Provided on the member 55 is a forwardly extending arm 83 which overliesthe left end portion of the bar 88, in which end portion there isprovided a shoulder 84. When the mandrel II is in its upward oroperative position, the arm 83 is in its upward position, so that itrides over the shoulder 84 to permit the switch 2I to be operated to itson position. However, when the mandrel II is in its downward orinoperative position the arm 83 is in its downward position so that itwill abut against the shoulder 84 whenever an attempt is made to operatethe switch 2| from its off position to its on position, the arm 83 beingsupported laterally by having its forward end portion slidably engaginga vertical slot 85 provided in the reen forcing rib 2. The abutment ofthe shoulder 84 against the arm 83 prevents the operator from startingthe mandrelrotating means. As a result the operation of the machine issafeguarded in that the mandrel II is prevented from being set inrotation whenever it is in its inoperative position.

In Figures 5 and 6 there is shown a modified form of my invention. Inthis modified form the parallel bar 68 is moved upwardly incidental tothe fall of the mandrel II by electro-mechanical means. Such meanscomprise a suitable electromagnet 86 having an armature 81 which ispropelled rightwardly, as shown in Figure 6, with sliding movementwhenever the electromagnet is energized. The armature 8'! is pivotallyconnected, as by a shoulder screw 88, to a downwardly extending arm 89of a link member 98 which serves in place of the link member 6| of myfirst embodiment. Thus as the electromagnet' 8G is energized theparallel bar 68 is moved upwardly to cause the resurfacing tool 21 to bemoved to inoperative position as hereinbefore described. When theelectromagnet 88 is unenergized, the parallel bar 88 is moved downwardlyby means of a suitable spring such as 9|.

In order that the electromagnet 86 may be operated incidental to thefall or downward movement of the mandrel II to inoperative position,there is provided a member 92, in place of the member 58 of my firstembodiment, pivotally mounted on the standard I and having an upwardlyextending and fork shaped portion 93 held in engagement with the shaft 9by means of a spring 94. The member 92 has a lower forwardly extendingarm 95 which is similar to the arm 83 of my first embodiment except forhaving a portion 98 of increased width. Secured, as by the screws 91, tothe base plate I is a bracket 88 which supports in cantilever fashionthe upper and lower springs 99 and I88 of an electrical switch I8I.These springs are insulatedly mounted one above the other by means ofthe insulation pads I82 which are held in place by the screw I82. Nearthe forward ends of these springs there are provided suitable electricalcontact points 99 and I88 which are adapted to come into engagement asthe upper spring'99 is moved downwardly. The springs 99 and I88 areserially connected in a line I 83 which is adapted to supply the powerfor energizing the electromagnet 88, the line I83 being provided with aplug I 84 for making connection with a suitable source of power.

The spring 99 is provided with an insulating pad 485 at its forward endwhich biasingly engages the portion 96 of increased width of the arm 95.The contact points 99' and I88 are normally open; therefore, as the arm95 moves downwardly, as by the downward movement of the mandrel, thespring 99 is moved downwardly to cause the contact points 99 and I 88'to close, thereby closing the line I83 which supplies the power to theelectromagnet 86. Thus the downward movement of the mandrel II willeffect an upward movement of the bar 88 to cause the resurfacing tool tobe moved out of operative position, as the mandrel II is restored tooperative position the bar 68 will be moved to its down ward position topermit the resetting of the resurfacing tool. Moreover, as the arm 95 isin its downward position it will abut against the shoulder 84 of the bar88 whenever it is attempted to operate the switch 2| from its 01fposition to its on position, thereby preventing the combination of amandrel for supporting a record movable from a normal operativeposition; means for controlling the movement of said mandrel; aresurfacing tool; means for setting the tool in operative position withrespect to a supported record when said mandrel is in operativeposition; and means for moving said tool out of operative position as anincident to the movement of the mandrel from its normal operativeposition.

2. In a phonograph record shaving machine, the combination of arotatable support for a record movable substantially in translation froma normal operative position; means for controlling the movement of saidsupport; a resurfacing tool; means for setting the tool in operativeposition with respect to a supported record; and means operativelyassociated with said record support for automatically moving saidresurfacing tool out of operative position in response to thetranslational movement of said record support. a

3. In a phonograph record shaving machine, the combination of a'mandrelfor supporting a record, said mandrel being movable downwardlysubstantially in translation to an inoperative position; a resurfacingtool; means for setting the tool in operative position with respect to asupported record; and means for moving the tool out of its operativeposition as an incident to the downward translational movement of themandrel.

4. In a phonograph record shaving machine, the combination of arecord-supporting mandrel rotatable about its longitudinal axis andotherwise movable from a normal operative position; a resurfacing tool;means for setting the tool in operative position; and means operativelyassociated with said mandrel for automatically moving said resurfacingtool out of operative position in response to the movement of saidmandrel from said normal operative position.

5. In a phonograph record shaving machine, a mandrel for supporting arecord; a movable end-gate; a resurfacing tool movable to an operativeposition with respect to a supported record; means for imparting upwardmovement to said mandrel incidental to the operation of moving saidend-gate to a supporting position; and means, actuated by the gravityacting on said mandrel, for moving said tool out of operative positionincidental to the operation'of moving said end-gate out of amandrel-supporting position.

6. In arphonograph record shaving machine, a mandrel for supporting arecord; an end-gate movable to a mandrel-supporting position; aresurfacing tool movable to an operative position with respect to asupported record; means for imparting an upward movement ofpredetermined extent to said mandrel as said end-gate is moved through aportion of its travel; means for effecting further upward movement ofsaid mandrel to operative position as said end-gate is moved through theremaining portion of its travel; and means, actuated by the downwardmovement of said mandrel as said end-gate is moved out of saidsupporting position, for moving said resurfacing tool out-of operativeposition.

'7. In a phonograph record shaving machine, the combination of arecord-supporting mandrel movable from its normal operating position;mandrel-rotating means; control means for rendering said rotating meansoperative; a resurfacing tool; tool-locking means; means for releasingthe tool-locking means incidental to the movement of said mandrel; andmeans for locking said mandrel against said movement whilev saidrotating means is in operation.

8. In a phonograph record shaving machine, the combination of arecord-supporting mandrel movable from its normal operative position;mandrel-rotating means; control means for rendering said rotating meansoperative and inoperative; a resurfacing tool; tool-locking means; meansfor releasing the tool-locking means incidental to the movement of saidmandrel while said rotating means is inoperative; and means for lockingthe means for releasing said toollocking means while said rotating meansis operative.

9 In a phonograph record shaving machine, the combination of arecord-supporting mandrel rotatable about its longitudinal axis andotherwise movable from a normal operative position; mandrel-rotatingmeans; control means for rendering said rotating means operative; aresurfacing tool movable to an operative position; means for moving theresurfacing tool out of operative position incidental to the movement ofthe mandrel from said normal operative position; and means for lockingsaid mandrel against movement from said operative position while saidrotating meansis operative. y

10. In a phonograph record shaving machine,

' the combination of a rotatable record-supporting mandrel movable toand from normally operative position; means for moving said mandrel to,and for holding the same in, operative position; mandrel rotating means;control means for rendering said rotating means operative; a resurfacingtool movable to operative position; means for effecting themovement ofthe resurfacing tool out of operative position incidental to themovement of the mandrel from its operative position; and means toprevent the rotation of said mandrel by said rotating means while saidmandrel is outof operative position.

11. In a phonograph record shaving machine, the combination of arecord-supporting mandrel rotatable about its longitudinal axis andotherwise movable from normal operative position; mandrel rotating means;'control means for rendering said rotating means operative; and meansfor locking said control means while said mandrel is out of operativeposition.

12. In a phonograph record shaving machine the combination of arotatable record-supporting mandrel movable to operative and inoperativepositions and biased towards said inoperative position; means for movingsaid mandrel to, and for holding the same in, operative position;mandrel rotating means; control means for said rotating means; and meansto prevent the rotation of said mandrel by said rotating means Whilesaid mandrelis out of operative position.

13. In a phonograph record shaving machine, the combination of meanshaving operative and inoperative positions for supporting a record; aresurfacing tool; means for setting the tool in operative position withrespect to a supported record; means for storing potential energyincidental to the operation of putting the recordsupporting means inoperative position for the resurfacing of said supported record; andmeans for utilizing .said energy to move said resurfacing tool out ofoperative position.

14. In a phonograph record shaving machine,

the combination of a record-supporting mandrel; mandrel-supporting meansmovable into supporting and non-supporting positions; a resurfacingtool; means for setting the tool in operative position with respect to arecord on said mandrel; means for storing potential energy incidental tothe operation of moving said mandrel-supporting means into itssupporting position; and means, operated by said energy incidental tothe movement of said mandrel-supporting means to its non-supportingposition, for moving said resurfacing tool out of operative position.

15. In a phonograph record shaving machine, the combination of meanshaving operative and inoperative positions for supporting a record; aresurfacing tool; means for setting the tool in operative position withrespect to a supported record; means for storing potential energy ofposition in the record-supporting means incidental to the operation ofputting the same in operative position for the resurfacing of saidsupported record; and means for utilizing said energy to move saidresurfacing tool out of operative position.

16. In a phonograph record shaving machine, a system comprising arotatable record support movable into and out of operative position, anda movable end-gate for said support; a resurfacing tool movable to anoperative position with respect to a supported record; means for storingpotential energy in said record support incidental to the operation ofputting said system in operative condition for the resurfacing of saidrecord; and means, actuated by the potential energy stored in saidsupport, for moving said resurfacing tool out of operative position assaid system is put out of operative condition.

17. In a phonograph record shaving machine, the combination of arecord-supporting mandrel movable for storing potential energy ofposition therein; means for releasing said energy comprising movablemandrel-supporting means; a resurfacing tool movable to operativeposition; means for storing potential energy incidental to the movementof said resurfacing tool to operative position; and means, actuated bythe energy stored in said record-supporting mandrel, for releasing theenergy stored by themovement of said resurfacing tool to operativeposition to cause said tool to be moved out of operative position.

18. In a phonograph record shaving machine, the combination of a mandrelfor supporting a record; an end-gate capable of imparting upwardmovement to one end of said mandrel incidental to its movement to asupporting position; a resurfacing tool movable to operative andinoperative positions with respect to a supported record; tool-lockingmeans for holding said tool in its operative position; means operativelyasso ciated with said mandrel for releasing said toollocking meansincidental to the movement of said end-gate from its supportingposition; and means energized incidental to the movement of said tool toits operative position for moving the same to its inoperativepositionupon the release of said tool-locking means.

19. In a phonograph record shaving machine, the combination .of arecord-supporting mandrel movable from an operative position; aresurfacing tool movable to operative position with respect to asupported record when said mandrel is in operative position ;-means forstoring potential energy incidental to. the operation of moving saidmandrel and tool to their respective operative positions; means actuatedby the energy stored by the movement of said mandrel to operativeposition for releasing the energy stored by the movement of said tool tooperative position; and means actuated by said released energy foreffecting the movement of said resurfacing tool to inoperative position.

20. In a phonograph record shaving machine, the combination of arecord-supporting mandrel movable to and out of a normally operativeposition for effecting the storage of potential energy therein while insaid operative position; a resurfacing tool movable to operative andinoperative positions; tool-locking means for holding said tool in itsoperative position; means, actuated .by the energy stored in saidmandrel, for releasing said tool-locking means; and means energizedincidental to the movement of said tool to its operative position formoving said tool to its inoperative position upon the release of saidtool-locking means.

21. In a phonograph record shaving machine, the combination of a movablemandrel for supporting a record; mandrel-supporting means movable to andout of a supporting position; a resurfacing tool movable to an operativeposition with respect to a supported record; and

electro-mechanical means for moving said resurfacing tool out ofoperative position incidental to the operation of moving saidmandrel-supporting means out of operative position.

22. In a phonograph record shaving machine, the combination of arecord-supporting mandrel movable to an inoperative position; aresurfacing tool movable to a position operative with respect to asupported record when said mandrel is in operative position; anelectromagnet for moving said tool out of operative position; and meansoperated by the movement of said recordsupporting mandrel to inoperativeposition for actuating said electromagnet.

23. In a phonograph record shaving machine, the combination of arecord-supporting mandrel movable to and out of operative position; man:drel-supporting means movable to and out of supporting position; amovable resurfacing tool; manually operable means for moving said toolin operative position with respect to a supported record; tool-lockingmeans; an electromagnet for controlling .said tool-locking means; andswitch means operated by the movement'of said mandrel for controllingsaid electromagnet.

24. In a phonograph record shaving machine, the combination of a mandrelfor supporting :a record, said mandrel being movable to and out ofoperative position; supporting means movable to' a position for holdingsaid mandrel in operative position; a resurfacing tool movable to aposition operative with respect to a supported record when said mandrelis in operative position; an electromagnet for effecting movement ofsaid tool out of operative position; and switch means operated by themovement of said mandrel for controlling said electromagnet.

25. In a phonograph record shaving machine, the combination of arecord-supporting mandrel movable to operative and inoperative position;a movable resurfacing tool; tool-locking means for holding said. tool inoperative position; an electromagnet for releasing said tool-lockingmeans; and switch means controlling said electromagnet for effecting therelease of said tool-locking means incidental to the operation of movingsaid mandrel out of operative position.

26. In a phonograph record shaving machine,

the combination of a movable record-supporting mandrel; means for movingsaid mandrel and maintaining the same in operative position; mandrelrotating means; control means for rendering said mandrel-rotating meansoperative; a resurfacing tool movable to operative position; anelectromagnet for effecting movement of said tool out of operativeposition; switch means operated by the movement of said mandrel forcontrolling said electromagnet; and means for preventing the operationof said switch means while said mandrel rotating means is operative.

SAM G. LANGLEY.

